Every technology leader has sat through a vendor pitch built on a survey. A few thousand respondents, a well-designed questionnaire, a chart that says most organizations plan to increase spend on something. That’s the quiet limitation of survey-based market intelligence: it measures intent, not action. It looks like evidence. It’s a snapshot of what people said they’d do, taken at a single moment, months before you’re reading it.

Before you trust a market intelligence source with a board-level investment decision, ask where its data comes from.

For years, the market intelligence pitch was about frameworks: maturity models, best-practice checklists, the how-to layer. That layer no longer differentiates one source from another, since a well-prompted generative AI tool can produce a credible maturity model today. The differentiator is data that doesn’t exist publicly, gathered and interpreted by analysts who track the market for a living.

A dataset is only useful if a technology leader can get an answer out of it without hiring a data science team. Quanta’s contextualization layer pairs your own documents and procurement history with IDC’s research, so a plain-language question gets an answer shaped by your specific situation. Upload an IT budget, an AI cost export, or a vendor contract, and IDC Quanta maps it against that data in the same conversation, with no separate portal or new login required. The more you use it, the more it remembers: your vendors and use cases stay active across quarters instead of resetting with every new report.

This isn’t an argument that frameworks are worthless. It’s that the edge lives in evidence a generative model cannot invent, delivered as a straight answer instead of a hundred-slide deck. That’s the confidence a tech leader needs walking into a board meeting or a renewal, with a number a vendor can’t talk you out of.

Ryan Smith - Content Marketing Director - IDC

Ryan Smith is the Director of Content Marketing at IDC, where he leads brand-level content and social media strategy, aligning research insights with compelling storytelling to engage technology decision-makers. With a background in both IT and marketing, Ryan brings a unique blend of technical understanding and creative strategy to his work. He’s also a seasoned storyteller, speaker, and podcast host who believes the right message, told the right way, can drive both trust and transformation.

IDC’s Insights From the 2026 World Robot Conference in Beijing

The 2026 World Robot Conference (WRC) took place in Beijing this August under the theme “Human-Machine Symbiosis, Integrated Production and Demand.” More than 300 companies exhibited, showing over 2,000 products and launching more than 150 new ones. For the first time, the conference added a dedicated Procurement Day, where 49 state-owned enterprises appeared together as an innovation consortium, laying out real industrial demand across 12 application scenarios. Robotics is becoming more application-focused, and shifts on the demand-side are now driving the industry’s growth at scale.

The numbers back that up. China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology reports that revenue at the country’s above-scale robotics enterprises topped RMB 90 billion (USD 13.4 billion) between January and May 2026, up 26.9% year-on-year. IDC’s own data shows global humanoid robot shipments reached roughly 18,000 units in 2025, up nearly 800% year-on-year.

IDC’s research also finds that most enterprises piloting embodied intelligence robots are still stuck at the proof of concept stage. Between validating the technology and deploying it at scale sit several real hurdles: stability, cost, ROI, and the operations and maintenance work that keeps a robot running day to day. This year’s show floor told a more advanced story anyway. Robots demonstrated complete task execution rather than single task actions, and several ran in real business settings rather than labs. Physical AI is now competing in industrialization capability as much as technical capability. Four trends from this year’s conference bring that into focus.

Trend One: The Model Race Is Giving Way to Real-World Learning

Over the past year, large embodied intelligence models, VLA models, and world models have advanced quickly, pushing robots beyond perception and understanding into complex task decisions and execution. Heading into 2026, though, the competition is shifting: whose model is strongest matters less than which vendor can get robots working, and learning, in real scenarios. Models are the capability foundation for Physical AI; real-world data and continuous learning are what will define the next stage’s edge.

At WRC 2026, world models, VLA, simulation platforms, robot “training grounds,” and data collection technologies all drew sustained attention. Combining virtual and real environments is becoming an important path to data acquisition: simulation generates data at scale, real scenario data keeps it grounded, and together they lower the cost of trial and error. Operational data flowing back into the training pipeline forms a flywheel: perceive, train, execute, get feedback keep improving.

China already has more than 40 robot training grounds planned or under construction, spanning more than 14 provinces and municipalities. The most mature ones can produce data output in the millions of records a year. At the same time, steady improvement in dexterous hands, force sensors, and other hardware is giving robots the means to capture richer manipulation data. As models, data, simulation, and hardware start to co-evolve, enterprise competition is starting to hinge less on whose model scores best and more on who can turn operational data into a working training loop.

Trend Two: Demo Capability Is Giving Way to Scaled Delivery

As robots move into real business environments, the standard for judging them is changing too. At this year’s conference, several vendors moved past single-action demos to validate complete task workflows, including depalletizing, sorting, delivery, cleaning, and inspection. They are proving out full processes now, not isolated capabilities. The real dividing line in robotics has shifted from technical demos to stable delivery.

Task capability now means continuous operation, not single operation execution: robots need autonomous perception, task planning, continuous execution, and the ability to recover from exceptions on their own. Deployment is the harder test. Moving past a proofmeans users are raising the bar on stability, deployment efficiency, maintenance cost, and ROI, with automotive, 3C electronics, and logistics and warehousing serving as the key proving grounds. And the metrics buyers actually use have shifted with it: task success rate, continuous run time, cost per task, and payback period, not the technical benchmarks vendors cite in a demo.

IDC’s user research shows more than 20% of users have already moved from market attention into pilot exploration, and the pace of progression from proof of concept to scaled deployment is accelerating. Stable operation, rapid deployment, ongoing maintenance, and commercial ROI are the capabilities that will separate vendors over the next two to three years.

Trend Three: From Single Scenario Breakthroughs to Layered Deployment

Physical AI won’t scale across every scenario at once. Differences in technical maturity, environmental complexity, and commercial ROI are settling applications into a layered path: commercial services are exploring, industrial settings are expanding, and home and consumer use is still building toward the future.

  • Commercial services are in a deep exploration phase. Dining, hospitality, and retail all have clear task demand, but their environments are more complex than industrial settings, so they need stronger autonomous navigation, environmental understanding, and exception handling. Embodied intelligence is accelerating here, carefully.
  • Industrial manufacturing will scale fastest. Automotive, 3C electronics, and logistics and warehousing are relatively structured, with clearer task boundaries and strong demand to cut cost and improve efficiency. IDC data shows China’s industrial embodied-intelligence robot market was worth approximately RMB 5.74 billion in 2025, with industrial robots contributing about RMB 3.62 billion and humanoid robots about RMB 2.12 billion. Right now, this is where technical maturity and commercial value line up best.
  • The home and consumer market holds long-term potential. Home environments are highly unstructured, with complex, long-tail task types that demand more from a robot’s generalization ability, safety, interaction skills, and cost. The potential application scope is broad enough, though, and the long-term market opportunity is significant.

Robot applications will keep working their way from highly structured environments toward moderately and then loosely structured ones, and different robot form factors will keep finding sharper matches to specific scenarios as they go.

Trend Four: Whole Machine Competition Is Giving Way to System Capability

As Physical AI enters its industrialization phase, the robotics industry chain is expanding from a single hardware platform to include computing power, models, data, core components, and applications, all at once. At this year’s conference, companies from across the domestic and international industry chain participated deeply, and the 49 SOEs appeared together as an innovation consortium. Competition is shifting from single-technology supply to industry chain collaboration and joint scenario creation, and the boundary of enterprise competition is expanding into hardware-software collaboration and ecosystem building as a result.

  • Industry chain collaboration continues to deepen: chips, sensors, reducers, servo systems, dexterous hands, and other core components are accelerating collaboration with robot platforms.
  • Models and hardware are converging faster, as large model companies, robot manufacturers, and research institutions collaborate on VLA, world models, and motion control.
  • Industry support systems are accelerating. Dozens of embodied intelligence innovation centers have already launched across China, covering technology development, pilot-scale validation, data training, and scenario deployment.
  • International cooperation is widening the circle further: the conference attracted 30 international supporting institutions across research, engineering, industry, and investment.

The companies best positioned to move from point applications to scaled commercial deployment will be the ones with the strongest ecosystem-organizing capability, not necessarily the strongest single product.

IDC Outlook

Physical AI is moving from technology display to industrial value validation. Robotics companies’ core competitiveness will depend not just on technical sophistication, but on whether they can turn that technology into stable, replicable products and solutions with real commercial value. Physical AI is entering the deep waters of industrialization, and the next stage of competition in robotics will focus more closely on real demand and real value.

The next two to three years will be an important window, as embodied intelligence robots move from technology validation to scaled application. Different scenarios will show a layered deployment pattern: service scenarios will be first to explore application, industrial scenarios will become the key direction for scaled deployment, and the home and consumer market holds long-term development potential. At the same time, Physical AI will push industry competition from single hardware capability toward a systemic capability built on models, data, hardware, and applications together.

Upcoming Webinar: Global Robotics Outlook 2026-2027

WRC 2026 showed where robotics is headed technically. But a new US policy is redrawing who wins. Join IDC’s live webinar, How the US ban is reshaping the robotics market, on Wednesday, October 14, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT. We’ll cover the 2025-2030 forecast for humanoid, autonomous mobile, and commercial service robots, the competitive landscape, and what the July 2026 US restriction means for your next move. Register now!

Can’t join live? Register anyway — an on-demand recording and translated access will be available afterward.

For Further Discussion

The robotics industry stands at a critical juncture, moving from technology validation toward scaled application. If you’re interested in Physical AI deployment pathways, embodied-intelligence scenario value assessment, or industry-chain competitive dynamics, visit IDC Physical AI Resource Center  for more resources or contact us for an in-depth discussion with IDC analyst team.

Navkendar Singh

Navkendar Singh - Associate Vice President, Client Devices & IPDS, IDC India

Navkendar Singh is a Associate Vice President with IDC India, based in Gurgaon. His research domains encompass deep-dive research and insights in and around mobile devices, smart homes, PCs, tablets, wearables, and the printing market in India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka.…

2026年,通用Agent成为AI市场最受关注的方向之一。OpenClaw成为现象级产品,海外有Anthropic Cowork、ChatGPT Work等,国内则有WorkBuddy、豆包工作、百度搭子、千问办公等产品,头部厂商纷纷整合产品线,把资源集中到通用Agent上,市场群雄逐鹿。

热度背后是AI应用范式的变革。与去年以Workflow为主的智能体相比,基于Harness架构的通用Agent使用门槛更低、处理复杂任务能力更强,也更容易被普通用户采用。

但市场上的通用Agent究竟能完成多少任务、不同产品各有什么优势、企业又该如何选型,目前还缺少基于统一任务、统一模型和统一测试条件的公开横向实测。

IDC今年启动系统研究,综合企业问卷、用户访谈、产品实测和厂商交流,对主流产品进行深度评测,帮助企业解决选型难题,也为厂商提供市场视角。

一、IDC如何定义“通用Agent”?

IDC将可独立提供服务的智能体分为通用Agent和垂直Agent两类:

  • 通用Agent不限定特定场景或固定任务,目前主要用于企业办公,包括信息检索与研究、文档生成与处理、数据处理与分析、网页与应用生成、沟通协作和日常事务管理,还可加载Skill、通过工具连接企业业务系统完成更多场景更专业的任务;
  • 垂直Agent则预设应用场景,多选择垂直专有模型或接入专业知识库,并配套专用工具和模板,完成专业任务。

Agent Harness是当前这类产品的核心框架,其负责组织上下文、调度工具与Skill、管理任务状态、控制执行环境,完成任务循环。不同产品执行同一任务,其步骤规则、循环处理的差别很大。在同一模型的统一评测下,产品差异很大程度上来自Harness工程能力。

二、企业级应用现状:普遍关注,但当前尚未规模应用

IDC对中国企业用户调研(n=200)显示,早在今年4月,已有合计48.5%的企业开始评估、试点或使用通用Agent。

从分行业看,互联网企业比例最高(83.3%),金融63.3%,电信、能源和媒体分别为55.0%、50.0%和50.0%。IDC在Q3的用户访谈显示,企业目前主要在日常办公场景试用,业务应用仍在建设;虽然尚未规模化落地,但几乎所有受访企业都高度关注,并将其视为未来企业级智能体建设的重要方向。

企业对通用Agent的要求可概括为“好不好用、好不好管”。

  • “好不好用”: 看任务完成效果、执行效率和交互体验,对应任务表现、成本效率、交互体验、多智能体编排、记忆与工作空间等评估维度;
  • “好不好管”: 看能否接入企业系统、安全可控、运行可追踪,对应可观测、安全可控、工具与技能、生态与开放性四个维度。

IDC的调研数据与框架基本一致:53.6%的企业把跨系统完成端到端任务列为评估通过Agent的首要驱动因素。其余为复杂任务自动化、数字员工、统一入口等能力;另一个问题中,52.0%的企业认为Agent规模落地的关键在于ROI的量化问题,使成本治理和效果观测成为选型重点。

在使用场景上,96.9%的企业用于办公自动化,流程自动化、智能客服(均80.8%)、知识管理与企业搜索(77.7%)、数据分析与商业智能(75.6%)紧随其后。

IDC据此设计近百道测试任务的Benchmark,覆盖邮件、日程、会议纪要、企业知识检索、财报分析、表格清洗、文档与PPT生成、视频生成、CRM与审批等真实场景,按复杂度分为常规任务(58.1%)和复杂任务(41.9%)。

三、好不好用:常规任务基本能打,复杂任务仍需谨慎

(以下内容仅展示部分实测评估情况,更多评估请查阅完整报告)

参评产品在统一模型(DeepSeek-v4 Pro)、统一测试环境(产品开箱状态)、统一工具接口和数据基线(统一仿真MCP Server)下完成近百道非公开测试任务。

(注:产品模型均统一配置为Deepseek-V4 Pro,TeleAgent因无法配置模型默认使用旗舰模式)

  • 常规任务:整体表现不错。常规任务目标明确、执行路径确定,主要包括基础文档输出与改写、邮件与日程安排、会议纪要总结和基础数据处理。多数产品能准确理解相对时间、识别联系人、定位信息,并把结果正确写回日历、待办、CRM等系统,一次交付即可使用的任务占比相对较高。
  • 复杂任务:能交付,但还不能直接可用。复杂任务涉及长上下文、长链路和多步骤循环(复杂PPT、复杂表格、浏览器操作、财报抓取与分析、视频生成等),大部分产品能花数十分钟至数小时交付,但结果通常不能直接用。问题集中在:结构与版式不到位;处理要求遗漏,链路越长漏得越多;长上下文内容常被压缩改写;数据错位与识别异常;并且整体执行代价偏高。例如某浏览器操作类任务平均消耗约473.5万Token,复杂的11页PPT生成平均消耗约353.7万(最高超1,000万)。

从“能交付”到“直接用”之间的差距,就是企业级智能体落地的最后一公里。

四、好不好管:管得住,企业才敢大规模应用

而在企业级场景落地智能体,除了Agent完成任务能力之外,企业更关注的是安全机制、权限控制、操作审计、执行稳定性、企业系统连接能力等企业级能力,这也是通用Agent是否能够真正进入企业级场景的前提。

安全可控与权限:当前大部分产品已能识别提示词注入,按风险等级自动放行、请求确认或阻断,高风险操作前二次确认,代码和浏览器在独立沙箱运行;企业级产品还需为Agent建立独立身份和权限体系,配置临时凭证和单独设定的操作范围。

运维与数据看板:企业主要关注三个维度,一是智能体使用普及率;二是成本观测、归因与治理(能否按任务、用户、部门、Agent统计用量并设置预算配额);三是运行失败、停滞或异常调用时能否及时告警并给出处理建议。

数据与知识治理:Agent读写的是企业自己的文档、知识库和业务数据,哪些内容可进上下文、哪些只能内网处理、产物存哪里、保留多久都要提前确定,并建立智能体相关资产的创建、审核、授权和版本管理能力。

五、当前市场产品平均得分

当前业界普遍能力雷达:好用与好管维度仍需补齐

六、IDC的建议

给厂商的建议

  • 持续提高复杂任务完成能力。常规与复杂任务差距来自规划、长链路执行和多工具协同,都需Harness支撑;相同模型下产品得分仍有明显差异,说明Harness工程能力直接影响任务表现,是下一阶段竞争重点。
  • 把企业级能力覆盖到任务执行全过程。工作空间协同、身份权限、成本统计与预算管控、运行观测和审计留痕需同步建设,接入系统越多,企业对权限、证据和追溯的要求越高。
  • 建立场景交付和合作伙伴生态。厂商难独立完成垂直场景建设,应尽早建立合作伙伴网络;已跑通的任务应主动帮企业构建为Skill,既可在组织内扩散,也减少重复规划的Token消耗。
  • 提供更符合智能体的任务交互方式。复杂任务时长可达数小时,用户需同时发起多个任务或调度多个Agent,传统“一次会话对应一个任务”的交互难以集中管理,应支持并发任务状态监控、异常提醒和随时人工接管。

给企业的建议

  • 观望期也是窗口期。产品快速迭代,观望期同样是积累经验的窗口,企业可优先选择适合的日常办公场景试点,积累能力与组织经验后再深入业务流。
  • 按任务复杂度设计场景。规则明确、重复度高、结果易检查的任务交给Agent或Workflow;边界不清晰、链路较长的复杂任务交给通用Agent,同时安排专业人员检查并最终审核。
  • 建立覆盖任务全过程的治理机制。Agent接入的系统和工具越多,越要统一管理智能体身份权限,并与现有运维、安全和审计体系衔接。
  • 让组织能力跟上Agent能力。Agent会重新划分员工、管理者和系统的责任,企业需同步提升员工AI技能、管理层对能力边界的理解,并调整流程、协作方式和考核机制。企业对AI认知的上限,基本决定了Agent价值的上限。

更多内容请关注IDC报告:

IDC《中国企业级通用Agent产品技术评估,2026 Q3》(Doc# CHC54893926,2026年9月)

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Zhenya Sun

Zhenya Sun - Research Manager

Zhenya Sun is a research manager for the IDC team focused on exploring the application of technology and industrial development of AI and AI agents. He is also responsible for providing clients with consulting services on technologies, products, and markets…

Global shipments of XR headsets and glasses rose 35.3% year over year in the second quarter of 2026, strong growth but a significant moderation from the 130.2% increase IDC tracked in the prior quarter. Much of that slowdown reflects tougher comparisons and a pause between major product cycles rather than any softening in consumer interest. Growth should pick back up as the next wave of product launches arrives later this year.

Audio glasses, the display-less category that includes devices like Ray-Ban Meta, represented the largest portion of shipments, capturing 70.3% share during the quarter, up from 61.9% a year ago. Display glasses represented 14.3% share, up from 11% a year ago, while headsets held the remaining 15.4%. Glasses overall have turned a corner and are quickly being recognized by a mainstream audience. Recent privacy backlash over always-on recording shows not all of that attention is flattering.

Who’s winning right now: Q2 2026 market share

Meta continued to dominate the market with 68.7% share. Its growth this quarter came from pushing into two additional segments: prescription eyewear, with the launch of its Blayzer and Scriber Optics lines, and lower-cost options that skip the fashion branding EssilorLuxottica normally provides. That expansion is only part of the story. Meta’s lead also rests on distribution scale, brand recognition, and AI features built across its product line, advantages that are harder for challengers to replicate than any single hardware launch.

CompanyQ2 2026 Market Share
Meta68.7%
RayNeo3.6%
Alibaba Group2.6%
XREAL2.5%
Xiaomi2.3%
Others20.4%

RayNeo ranked second with 3.6% share, up 83.3% year over year, on the strength of its low-cost, personal-theater-style devices. Alibaba, a relative newcomer to the category, ranked third at 2.6% share thanks to the popularity of Qwen and the company’s already-established presence in China. XREAL and Xiaomi rounded out the top five, though Xiaomi’s share nearly halved from a year ago as competition in its home market intensified.

What’s coming next: The launches that could reshuffle the board

A lot is going to change in the remaining months of 2026 as next-gen products arrive from multiple vendors, each chasing a similar set of goals: more capable AI experiences, lighter hardware, and use cases that go beyond entertainment into everyday productivity. Those shared priorities, more than any single launch, will shape competition through the rest of the year.

Snap is launching its Specs, which bring genuine AR capabilities packaged into the most consumer-friendly design the category has seen yet, backed by a marketing campaign built around fashion icons.

Samsung and XREAL are both readying Android XR products. XREAL’s Aura pairs the company’s personal-theater-style hardware, already strong for content consumption, with Google’s Android XR platform, putting productivity use cases on equal footing with entertainment. Samsung’s audio glasses, meanwhile, bring Google’s Gemini assistant together with the distribution and design sensibility of Gentle Monster and Warby Parker.

Meta’s upcoming Connect event is widely expected to launch a more premium mixed reality headset with better visuals and a slimmer, lighter form factor that should appeal to enthusiasts. IDC also anticipates new display and audio glasses at the show, with the display glasses aimed at broader availability and a more accessible price point.

Beyond these headline launches, products from Pico, RayNeo, Viture, and a growing list of other brands will help drive further growth in 2026 and into the years ahead.

The road ahead: Forecast 2026–2028

IDC forecasts total unit shipments will grow 26.3% in 2026, then accelerate to 40.5% growth in 2027 and another 26.4% in 2028. Audio glasses will keep leading the category, though display glasses and headsets will continue to ramp alongside them.

For consumers, that growth will be driven by a wider range of products, price points, and channels, plus the spread of AI and friction-reducing use cases like easy photo and video capture. Among businesses, training and design use cases will keep driving adoption, since IDC has tracked ROI gains in early enterprise pilots, and more businesses continue to start them.

Growing pains: Privacy and business-model tension

There are also growing concerns behind the scenes that need to be addressed, as they stand to reshape the adoption curve going forward.

Privacy and shifting consumer attitudes. Many products and services surrounding XR glasses have clear, tangible benefits, though IDC has tracked growing concern over the need for privacy controls. IDC has also observed a shift from early jokes about social acceptance to more serious concerns about the lack of meaningful notice and consent mechanisms while recording, along with AI-enabled data collection, raising the stakes for how vendors respond. Meta, the current leader, has taken action to reduce misuse of its products, but those steps came only after public backlash forced its hand. That leaves room for a competitor willing to build privacy safeguards in before launch, not after a headline forces the issue.

Competing business models. XR glasses are a relatively new category, and tech companies are quickly partnering with fashion companies to leverage their expertise in design, manufacturing, and distribution. There’s tension between these camps, though, as fashion companies often operate on higher margins while tech companies are willing to sacrifice margin in favor of ongoing subscription or advertising-based models, where the hardware can be offered at a lower upfront cost to keep the consumer inside the ecosystem. This is likely one reason Meta launched glasses without EssilorLuxottica’s branding. It also puts smaller players at a disadvantage, since they face pricing pressure on hardware from incumbents like Meta and potentially Google and Samsung, and will likely have to adjust their own business models to offer subscription services alongside their XR products going forward.

What this means for the industry

Smart glasses are genuinely being worn now, not just tested, and that changes the competitive picture. Meta still holds the lead, but the next round of launches from Snap, Samsung, XREAL, and Meta’s own Connect event will show whether that lead holds up. The rest of 2026 will be shaped as much by these launches as by the numbers themselves. Even with this quarter’s slower growth, consumer awareness keeps building and AI is unlocking new use cases — the vendors that move first on privacy may be the ones who convert that awareness into share.

Jitesh Ubrani

Jitesh Ubrani - Director, Consumer Devices Research

Jitesh Ubrani is a Director at IDC leading a team of analysts within the Worldwide Consumer Device Trackers group, covering wearables, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), tablets, phones, PCs, gaming, and smart home devices, with a focus on market…

Every SaaS vendor just had its head chopped off, and Salesforce went first. It voluntarily stepped up to the guillotine and let its own head go. Yes, that sounds a bit savage, but don’t worry. It’s wonderful. The entire SaaS industry is about to go headless, and I couldn’t be more excited.

For thirty years, the interface has masqueraded as the product. That disguise just came off.  The UI was always just the delivery mechanism, and it has quietly become one of the most expensive parts of enterprise software ownership.

Think about what a typical knowledge worker actually does in a day. They log into an ERP system to check a budget, then into a CRM to update an opportunity, then into an expense tool to file a report, then into an HR system to approve a request. Each application has its own navigation logic, its own field names, its own permissions quirks, and its own learning curve. Most of these systems are also loaded with three or four times the functionality any single user needs, which means the interface is optimized for the vendor’s full customer base, not for the person actually sitting in front of it. The result is a tax on productivity that has compounded for years.  Time is lost to switching, time is lost to relearning, and time is lost to hunting for the right screen inside the right app. This was never a minor annoyance. It was one of the largest hidden costs in enterprise software.

The UI was never the product

Oracle was among the first major vendors to say this out loud in a meaningful way. With its agentic applications announced earlier this year (one of the first live market examples of cross-application agents as explained in IDC’s Agentic Evolution of Applications framework), Oracle began dynamically assembling the interface itself, pulling the data, functionality, workflows, and logic a user needed from across whichever applications were relevant, rather than forcing the user to go find them. That was among the first real cracks in the old model. It correctly suggested that the fixed screen was a legacy constraint, not a design requirement.

Salesforce has now taken that idea and extended it a step further.  At Dreamforce 2026, held September 15 through 17 in San Francisco, Salesforce unveiled AIforce, which it is calling a live interface layer. AIforce does what Agentforce already does inside Salesforce (dynamically composing the data, workflows, and business logic a user needs on the fly), but it goes a step further. It extends that same capability outside of Salesforce entirely, into whatever interface a person already happens to be working in. Salesforce launched this with three surfaces at once: Claudeforce, Slackforce, and Agentforce Coworker, meaning the same trusted enterprise data and governance can now show up inside Claude, inside Slack, or inside a dedicated coworker agent, not just inside Salesforce’s own screens.

Meeting users wherever theyare

This is precisely why AIforce matters more than another feature release. The goal is to help customers break free of a shared user interface, so that every individual gets an intelligent, dynamic interface that comes to them, wherever they are, instead of forcing everyone into the same fixed screens. That is not a UI update. It is an admission that the UI was the obstacle all along.

What this means for the rest of the market

Oracle and Salesforce arrived at the same conclusion from opposite ends of the market, and that convergence is the real signal, not either company’s product name. When two competitors this large independently decide that the fixed screen is disposable, the SaaS UI is not being tweaked. It is being retired.

Buyers should not mourn it. The interface was never where the value lived. The value lived in the data, the workflows, and the logic sitting underneath it, and buyers have been paying a productivity tax for thirty years just to reach that value through a screen. That tax is now optional.

For vendors across ERP, HR, finance, SCM, and every other enterprise application category, the imperative is not subtle:

  • Stop pricing and marketing the interface as the differentiator. It never was.
  • Open the data, workflows, and business logic underneath the UI to whatever surface the customer already lives in, whether that is Claude, Slack, Teams, ChatGPT, Outlook, Office, or any other work environment.
  • Build the governance and permissions layer first. A composable interface without composable trust is a liability, not a feature.
  • Assume the next RFP will not ask what your UI looks like. It will ask whether your platform can show up anywhere.

The UI is not being replaced by a better UI. It is being replaced by the absence of one. That is not a loss. It is the correction the market has needed for thirty years.  I never thought I’d see the day when I applaud a beheading, but that day has arrived, and I hope it continues.

Eric Newmark

Eric Newmark - Group Vice President & General Manager of IDC's SaaS, Enterprise Software, CX and Workplace Solutions Division

Eric Newmark is Group Vice President & General Manager of IDC’s SaaS, Enterprise Software, CX, and Workplace Solutions Division, which includes several teams of analysts covering SaaS, 18 enterprise application markets, software monetization, business platforms, marketplaces, and services firms focused…

AI PCs have been on the market for a couple of years now, with applications and use cases progressively finding ways to put local AI models to work. China’s version of that story looks different from the rest of the world’s. Since earlier this year, interest in OpenClaw-like AI agent harnesses has driven a wave of ultrasmall desktop PCs there, and unlike the high-end, DGX Spark-class boxes getting attention elsewhere, most of these are inexpensive, modestly specced machines built to host an agent rather than run a large model locally.

Where the lobster talk comes from

All of this traces back to a single piece of open-source software called OpenClaw, an autonomous AI agent that can be given a task in plain language and left to carry it out on its own, browsing the web, editing files, and calling other tools as needed. Its logo features a lobster-like claw, and Chinese users picked up on that and started calling the software 小龙虾, or crayfish, a nickname that stuck to everything that followed, including the hardware people bought to run it. Naming for that hardware hasn’t really settled, but some call it 龙虾盒子, so we’re calling them lobster boxes here for simplicity.

OpenClaw’s rise from around February through April 2026 drove a hardware surge, and it was global rather than a China-only phenomenon. Mac mini sold out in multiple markets because the software simply worked better on macOS, with tighter access to the operating system’s own apps and a quiet, low-power, always-on form factor well suited to running an agent around the clock. What was distinctive about China is how quickly it moved past that Mac dependency. Chinese startups and retailers began shipping their own inexpensive, purpose-built boxes within weeks, and those boxes worked despite modest specifications because they were calling cheap, cloud-hosted AI services rather than running a model locally, so most of them never needed the expensive memory that on-device inference requires.

Tencent and Baidu both ran free installation clinics at their headquarters in Shenzhen and Beijing, drawing crowds in the hundreds as company engineers set up the software machine by machine for anyone who showed up.

Tokens that are cheap

Part of why this took off in China specifically comes down to what it costs to keep an agent thinking. Western AI subscriptions have generally settled around $20 a month for services like ChatGPT Plus or Claude Pro. Chinese equivalents often run under $10 a month, and a large share of casual use runs through free consumer apps entirely, with paid tiers unlocking higher concurrency rather than gating basic access. There are some indications that pricing could increase soon, but this new class of hardware emerged without needing much memory in the first place, precisely because cloud-based models were affordable enough to lean on.

The rise of the OPC

Chinese researchers and businesses have started using a formal term, OPC, short for one-person company, to describe a business built around a single person making the decisions while a cluster of AI agents handles the execution and the day-to-day output. It is a notable enough trend that Lenovo’s own marketing for its lower-cost Baiying-branded AI PC, a roughly $560 Windows box, describes the product as built for OPC operators, sometimes called super-individuals, with use cases like AI content creation, e-commerce operations, and market analysis.

There is also a cultural aspect to consider. Much of the anxiety Chinese workers have felt about AI replacing their jobs pushed people toward learning to run the tool themselves, which helps explain why installation clinics and DIY tutorials found such a ready audience. That desire to learn the tool fits naturally with the OPC idea, since China already has a way to turn it into a business.

Where the growth is headed

Most of these agent-hosting devices are what IDC classifies as ultrasmall desktops, which we expect to top one million units in China in 2026 and grow to roughly 1.8 million by 2027. That is a small slice of China’s overall PC market, which IDC expects to total around 51 million units in 2026, so this remains a niche category. Lenovo has been the most visible vendor building for this category specifically, with its lower-cost Baiying and Tianxi-branded AI hosts, and Xiaomi joined in August with its own prototype, the AI Cube, built around three of its own chips. Many of the units behind that growth today are still the cheap, low-end boxes that lean on cloud AI rather than local processing, but interest in local token generation is picking up, and that points to some shift toward pricier, more capable hardware.

Likely to stay a China story

These low-end boxes look likely to stay a China phenomenon, since the conditions behind them are not really present in the same combination elsewhere. The rest of the world is increasingly exploring NVIDIA’s DGX/RTX Spark, AMD’s Ryzen AI Halo-based systems, and Microsoft’s Project Zenith, announced together with AMD at IFA earlier this month, which are all aimed at running large models locally. These are on the other end of the price spectrum but are based on the premise that generating tokens locally will be more economically effective than paying for cloud-based tokens.

Bryan Ma

Bryan Ma - Vice President, Client Devices

Bryan Ma is Vice President of Client Devices research, covering mobile phones, tablets, PCs, AR/VR headsets, wearables, thin clients, and monitors across Asia as well as worldwide. Based in Singapore, Bryan provides insights and advisory services for both vendors and…

Only 3.1% of organizations worldwide have reached the most mature stage of AI adoption. Sixty-one percent are still stuck in the two least mature stages, with the broad middle barely moving in a year. Most technology leaders can’t say with confidence which group they’re in.

That uncertainty is landing at the worst possible moment.

AI funding is also moving into bigger tiers: more spend is shifting into the $5M–$50M+ range for 2026 and 2027, even as nearly 70% of C-suite IT leaders expect their overall IT budgets to grow .

Three decisions, no playbook

Right now, technology leaders are making three decisions at once, with no established playbook for any of them.

  1. Whether to keep trusting the vendors and platforms already in place, or bring in new ones.
  2. How to control AI costs that scale differently than traditional IT costs ever did — IDC projects 1.3 billion active AI agents worldwide by 2029, executing 240 billion actions a day, with annual agent-action delivery costs approaching $53 billion.
  3. And how to defend a capital allocation decision to a board that’s asking harder questions every quarter, then prove it’s still paying off the next time they ask.

None of these are once-a-year exercises. They come up in board meetings and budget reviews, frequently colliding with a renewal deadline nobody flagged in advance, and a technology leader without an outside reference point is making each one on internal conviction alone.

These three are just what’s most urgent right now. Whatever the decision, the same grounding applies: independently verified market intelligence, benchmarked against real peer data, available exactly where the decision is happening.

Built for the decisions your team is making

IDC Quanta gives IT leadership, security and operations, and finance and procurement that same grounding, including but not limited to the three decisions above.

  • IT Leadership: build a credible technology and AI roadmap and make faster, more confident vendor and platform decisions, grounded in data instead of vendor pitch decks.
  • Security & Operations: get ahead of where AI cost and risk exposure is building before it becomes a board-level problem, backed by the same peer-benchmarked evidence driving every other decision here.
  • Finance & Procurement: present a capital allocation case finance can stand behind, on spend and vendor pricing, and walk into every renewal with a stronger negotiating position.

What holds up under scrutiny

IDC Quanta backs each of those decisions with specifics beyond general research access:

  • The largest peer universe available: draws on 404,000 enterprises across 52 countries, giving every benchmark real market breadth.
  • Your own data, benchmarked instantly: upload an IT budget, an AI cost export, or a vendor contract, and Quanta benchmarks it against IDC’s data in the same conversation, with no analyst re-keying and no separate tool required.
  • No separate portal, no new login: IDC Quanta reaches your team inside email today, with Teams, Slack, and MCP-enabled tools next, so sourcing, budget, and renewal intelligence shows up where the work already happens.
  • Get flagged before the deadline, not after: anonymized peer signals surface contract renewals, budget-cycle openings, and board-review dates as they approach.

Make the case before someone else asks you to

The gap between the 3.1% of organizations that have actually reached AI maturity and the ones that only believe they have is exactly the kind of thing a board finds out about the hard way, usually during a budget review, not before one. IDC Quanta gives a technology leader the evidence to walk into that conversation already prepared.

Ryan Smith - Content Marketing Director - IDC

Ryan Smith is the Director of Content Marketing at IDC, where he leads brand-level content and social media strategy, aligning research insights with compelling storytelling to engage technology decision-makers. With a background in both IT and marketing, Ryan brings a unique blend of technical understanding and creative strategy to his work. He’s also a seasoned storyteller, speaker, and podcast host who believes the right message, told the right way, can drive both trust and transformation.

Christina Cardoza - Content Marketing Manager - IDC

Christina Cardoza is a Content Marketing Manager at IDC, where she specializes in brand content and social media strategy. With a background in journalism and editorial leadership, she has a proven ability to transform complex technology topics into clear, actionable insights.

For a few years now, sustainability leaders have asked a fairly narrow question: how can AI help us hit our targets? That question still matters. It’s just not the only one anymore. The sharper version asks two things at once: how can AI drive business value with sustainability built in as an outcome, and what is AI’s own footprint, and who’s accountable for it?

IDC’s research points to the same conclusion from both directions: AI and sustainability have become one conversation, told from two sides: AI for Sustainability (using AI to drive sustainability outcomes) and Sustainable AI (managing the sustainability of AI itself). Here’s what our latest published research says about both, and why the organizations that treat them as one strategy are already pulling ahead.

AI for sustainability: Software grows into the operating layer

Sustainability software used to be a system of record, a place to tally emissions and file disclosures. That’s changing. As IDC’s Amy Cravens puts it in Sustainability Software Usage Trends 2026:

“

Sustainability software isn’t just a database where companies simply calculate their emissions; it’s becoming the operating layer for how they run leaner, cleaner, and smarter… For vendors, the mandate is clear: integrate the data, go deep by industry, and prove the return..

— Amy Cravens, Research Manager, Sustainability and ESG Software, IDC

The market is voting with its budget. IDC forecasts the worldwide sustainability and ESG software market growing from $5.98 billion in 2024 to $12.36 billion by 2029, a 15.6% CAGR. And buyers aren’t just adopting AI features because they’re new: 71% say they’re willing to pay a premium for AI-enabled sustainability capabilities, and 80% are increasing their spend. Vendors call that a repricing of what “good” sustainability software looks like, and the buyer data backs them up.

The same shift is playing out in services. Dan Versace‘s take, from IDC’s MarketScape: Worldwide Sustainability Strategy Services 2026:

“

Sustainability strategy is no longer a compliance checkbox; it’s the new engine of enterprise value, capital allocation, and operational resilience. In 2026, the winners will be those who embed sustainability into the P&L, harness AI as a core enabler, and transform ambition into measurable business outcomes.

— Dan Versace, Senior Research Analyst, Sustainability/ESG Services, IDC

Where the value shows up: Carbon, energy, circularity, and integrated ESG/sustainability data

Talk to buyers long enough and the abstraction falls away. The value shows up in a handful of concrete places.

Carbon and energy management is the clearest one. IDC’s 2026 sustainability/ESG predictions research projects that by 2027, 40% of manufacturers will use AI-driven analytics and automation to optimize energy efficiency, cutting carbon emissions by up to 30% in the process, through predictive load forecasting, real-time monitoring, and automated adjustment rather than manual intervention. On the software side, vendors are already applying AI directly to carbon accounting: streamlining data ingestion, catching errors, and turning what used to be a quarterly scramble into something closer to a running total. In the datacenter, our Building Blocks of a Sustainable Datacenter report tracks the same pattern showing up in energy and carbon triage: dynamic workload management and grid-carbon-aware scheduling have moved from pilot projects to standard operating practice.

Circularity is the fastest-growing piece of the picture. IDC research shows the share of organizations tackling circularity through their sustainable AI strategy rising from 22% in 2024 to 29% in 2026, a 32% jump, outpacing most other environmental categories, driven largely by the unit economics of AI hardware itself: refurbishment, redeployment, and high-value materials recovery pencil out better for AI accelerators than for general-purpose IT. Zoom out further and the trend holds at the enterprise level too: IDC projects that by 2028, 75% of enterprises will set formal IT asset circularity goals, with 90% of retired assets returned to the circular economy and 20% of new IT sourced as refurbished.

And underneath all of it sits the data problem. Amy Cravens’ AI-Enabled Sustainability Software survey found that ESG data readiness (data quality, integration, and standardization) is the primary constraint to scaling AI for sustainability, with data accuracy ranked the single most urgent issue organizations want AI to fix. Dan Versace and I called this out directly in Navigating the New Sustainability Services Landscape as “ESG Data Management 2.0.” Sustainability data has become mission-critical enterprise data, subject to audit and financial disclosure. Closing the gap between what regulators require and what most organizations’ data infrastructure can actually deliver is one of the most concrete, high-value opportunities in the market right now.

The maturity divide: Why some organizations capture 26x more value

Here’s the number that ties all of this together. IDC’s 2026 AI and Sustainability Survey segments organizations into three maturity cohorts, and the spread between them is enormous: only 3.3% of beginner-stage organizations report significant business value from AI-enabled sustainability, rising to 31.8% at the intermediate stage, and 84.6% among advanced organizations, a 26-fold gap between the least and most mature. As I wrote in my Sustainable Business Value Creation in the Era of AI Everywhere report:

“

The sustainability maturity divide is no longer a future risk — it is today’s competitive reality. The organizations capturing 26 times more business value from AI are not doing something fundamentally different. They are doing the same things at a fundamentally different level of integration, automation, and strategic commitment.

— Bjoern Stengel, Global Sustainability Research and Practice Lead, Sustainable Strategies and Technologies, IDC

The stages map cleanly onto the examples above. Beginner organizations are still consolidating fragmented ESG data for compliance and disclosure, exactly the data readiness gap Amy’s research flags. Intermediate organizations move into operational efficiency, where AI-driven energy and carbon management start generating hard, CFO-legible savings. Advanced organizations push into circularity, product-level life-cycle design, and ecosystem data-sharing, the territory where sustainability stops being a cost center and starts showing up as revenue premium and lower cost of capital. The gap tracks how deeply AI is embedded into operational decisions and how tightly sustainability data connects back to the maturity cohorts above.

Sustainable AI: The bill comes due

Here’s the part that gets less airtime: AI has a resource cost, and buyers are starting to ask about it directly. As I noted in IDC’s Sustainability/ESG 2026 Predictions:

“

IT is a critical enabler for organizations shifting from ESG compliance to the operationalization phase of sustainable transformation. However, IT’s footprint can also hinder these ambitions. The era of AI everywhere creates exciting new possibilities to accelerate change, and it makes sustainable IT adoption more crucial than ever.

— Bjoern Stengel, Global Sustainability Research and Practice Lead, Sustainable Strategies and Technologies, IDC

This is the flip side of the framework: IDC distinguishes between Sustainability through AI (using AI as a lever for broader sustainability goals) and Sustainability of AI (managing AI’s own environmental footprint), plus a third, adjacent lens, AI for Good, where AI is applied directly against societal and SDG-aligned goals. Our Building Blocks of a Sustainable Datacenter, 2026 update tracks how organizations are responding at the infrastructure layer: liquid cooling is now a baseline requirement for AI workloads, and AI-specific ITAD (secure data sanitization for accelerators and recovery of the high-value metals inside them) is now a distinct discipline in its own right. As I put it in that research:

“

AI has changed what it means to build and operate a sustainable datacenter… Operators and suppliers that internalize these shifts now will be the ones with credible sustainability stories and resilient business models by the end of the decade.

— Bjoern Stengel, Global Sustainability Research and Practice Lead, Sustainable Strategies and Technologies, IDC

The two questions are converging

Split into two workstreams, “AI for sustainability” and “sustainable AI” can pull in opposite directions: one team pushing to scale AI faster, another asking what that scale costs. IDC’s research on the highest-maturity organizations shows something different. They’re running one capability, AI-enabled data infrastructure accountable for the value it creates and the resources it consumes, and that’s the same pattern showing up in the datacenter and circularity data above.

That’s the real signal underneath all three of our research streams this year. Software vendors are building the operating layer Amy Cravens describes in her research above. Services are repositioning around AI-enabled infrastructure and provable outcomes. Carbon, energy, and circularity have moved from side projects to line items CFOs read every quarter. Infrastructure itself is now being asked to justify its own footprint.

For buyers, the practical takeaway is simple: the sustainability maturity conversation and the AI investment conversation are the same budget line now. Treat them separately, and you’re optimizing half the equation. Treat them together, and the value multiplies. That’s the maturity gap from Bjoern’s data, playing out at portfolio scale.

Bjoern Stengel

Bjoern Stengel - Global Sustainability Research and Practice Lead, Sustainable Strategies and Technologies

Bjoern Stengel is IDC’s global sustainability research lead. His research focuses on how environmental, social, and governance (ESG) topics impact and shape business strategies and technology usage. He provides insights into market opportunities, adoption strategies, and use cases for sustainability-related…

AI is rapidly transforming how B2B tech buyers evaluate vendors and make purchase decisions. The closest comparison we have to this moment is 1996, when we entered the digital era, a revolution that massively changed customer behavior, markets, and entire go-to-market strategies and activities.

What’s different today is that growth is exponentially faster and greater. At this speed, technology vendors can no longer build assumptions based on what happened last year, last quarter, or even last month.

That means as we enter the AI and agentic era, CMOs and senior marketing leaders must rethink the way they plan. There’s incredible incentive to do so right now. Your buyers have already moved. They’re not only relying on AI to research and prioritize vendors, but they’re also using agents to act on their behalf. In fact, 80% of B2B tech buyers say they would use an agent in a complex transaction like responding to an RFI, IDC research shows.

Now is the time to transform your marketing plan and adapt to the new AI-mediated buyer journey.

In a recent IDC webinar, “2027 Marketing Planning: Intelligence-Led Strategy for a Market That Won’t Hold Still,” Laurie Buczek, IDC Group Vice President of Market and Business Intelligence, presented an intelligence-based framework for marketing strategy and planning. Her advice: CMOs and marketing leaders need to move fast and orchestrate AI across their marketing operations if they want to meet the CEO’s growth expectations.

With the market moving rapidly, CMOs and marketing leaders have a CEO-driven imperative to integrate AI and use it to drive growth. They’ll have to fill gaps in AI expectations between the C-suite and technology operations, but with careful planning they can advance their marketing strategy. As discussed in the webinar, there are several important trends CMOs must understand.

The rising importance of timely market assessments

To meet the CEO’s growth expectations, CMOs need to understand where they should place their bets. That’s especially tough in an AI-driven market, where intelligence ages fast. What was accurate six months ago could be false today, so they need to understand and validate findings continuously.

AI is ideal for this, and it’s what IDC Quanta is designed to deliver. CMOs can ask questions about market potential, sizing, and benchmarks, and receive a comprehensive overview about what the market looks like and where the opportunities are – all with just a single conversation.

Built primarily on IDC data and analyst intelligence, IDC Quanta can be layered on top of an organization’s proprietary data to get a more precise and accurate view. It will synthesize all of the information and create a detailed narrative quickly. CMOs can validate further and get advice from IDC analysts to fine tune the assessment and tailor it to their businesses.

The evolution of the new buying committee

New buyers are emerging – and CMOs will need to be prepared with new messaging and new types of content to win them over. It’s no longer just the CIO or IT leader. In the AI and agentic era, full organizational orchestration is a priority, so the COO has significant sway over buying decisions. In addition, 42% of CEOs say they plan to hire a Chief AI Officer in the next 12 months.

As the focus increases on business process transformation, business leaders from across the organization are gaining a seat at the table. Security and governance concerns are also pulling the CISO back into the buying committee, as AI governance becomes core to the purchase decision.

Each buyer will have their own concerns and objections, which will require marketing teams to develop and personalize messaging and content for each.

Trust stalls AI adoption

Trust is one of the top barriers to AI adoption. Less than 5% of CXOs find fully autonomous agentic AI to be appealing, IDC’s research shows. There’s a certain level of caution that technology vendors must overcome to move buyers.

To do so, they will need to reframe how they position their solutions. CMOs can address the trust issue by focusing on innovation, strategic value, and how their technology will drive business transformation. It’s crucial to emphasize that agents will collaborate with humans. Messaging should also build confidence in how governance will be overarching, encompassing autonomous agents.

The AI-mediated buyer journey changes marketing

As B2B tech buyers integrate AI into more of their journey, CMOs need to orchestrate both human and AI interactions across the entire experience. Already, 63% of buyers say they always and often use AI to discover and evaluate vendors, and 80% say they trust information they receive from their AI-mediated journey to make sound business decisions. They’re even using AI for research typically conducted by humans in the past: 68% say they use AI to gain deeper technical understanding of how products and services work.

Technology vendors are finding that buyers are rewriting the rules for marketing. Today, they must market to both humans and AI. That means creating new content to meet the need of human buyers and attract the attention of AI engines. In this AI-mediated buyer journey, marketing teams need an entirely new content playbook: prioritizing interactive content over static, developing immersive content that allows buyers to experience your products, and creating hyper personalized content for a variety of personas.

This new AI-mediated buyer journey with both humans and AI means marketers need to rewire how they think about how things get done. Buyers are using AI to research and compare vendors. Technology vendors also need to integrate AI into their marketing process. And CMOs become the orchestrator of a combined human and AI workforce.

The characteristics that define leaders

A small cohort of technology vendors are adapting to the new journey faster than any of their competitors. These leaders that are transforming their global marketing organizations have the following characteristics in common:

  • Strategy: Comprehensive AI marketing strategy backed by strong executive sponsorship.
  • Focus: Innovation over efficiency, with humans and AI working together.
  • Workforce: AI-enabled teams supported by ongoing change management.
  • Foundation: Automated workflows built on advanced data and a real-time MarTech stack.

How to build an intelligence-led marketing strategy

So, what are the steps for building your 2027 intelligence-led marketing strategy and framework to keep pace with a rapidly changing buyer journey?

  • Plan. IDC Quanta can help you quickly identify and understand growth and market opportunities.
  • Assess. Evaluate your organization’s maturity across five areas: strategy, people and organization, processes, governance, data and technology. How far have you integrated or transformed your marketing process?
  • Sequence your 2027 investment. Build a phased roadmap based on your readiness. Don’t fund everything at once.
  • Make the case to your CFO. Focus on the value AI will bring to the organization in terms of gains and savings, backing it up with IDC data. For instance, 29% of mid-market B2B tech marketers expect an increase in marketing ROI within the next 12 to 18 months.

Our webinar covers each of these steps in greater detail. If you’re ready to jumpstart your strategic marketing plan and begin orchestrating the AI-mediated buyer journey, watch the replay of the full webinar today.

Christina Cardoza - Content Marketing Manager - IDC

Christina Cardoza is a Content Marketing Manager at IDC, where she specializes in brand content and social media strategy. With a background in journalism and editorial leadership, she has a proven ability to transform complex technology topics into clear, actionable insights.

IDC近期的企业用户调研和交流表明,企业建设和应用智能体时主要面临两个难题:哪些业务场景值得优先投入?项目建成后能否取得可验证的业务成效?

围绕这些问题,IDC通过中国企业级Agent最佳实践与案例精选(ROI)视角这本报告,对中国企业Agent的应用案例进行了深入研究,案例覆盖金融、制造、港口、建筑、贸易、零售、能源、医药和城市治理等场景或行业。报告重点关注Agent进入了哪些业务,企业采用了怎样的实践路径,以及项目上线后的投入和效果如何评估。

同时,我们也通过以下四方面的深入观察,洞悉项目建设和运行过程中出现的数据、知识、业务规则、流程与组织协作变化,以及这些积累对后续Agent建设的影响。

一、ROI难以量化已成为企业Agent规模化的首要问题

IDC中国企业智能体调研显示,52.0%的受访企业将ROI难以量化列为智能体规模化落地的最大挑战,远高于其它影响因素:模型能力尚未达到业务要求、Agent基础设施不成熟、人才与技能不足占以及组织内部的变革阻力。

在AI落地初期,部分企业基于推广普及AI的需求一般会更关注覆盖率、使用量和员工采用情况。另外当前部分企业主要落地的知识库问答或简单Workflow的智能体通常任务相对简单,模型调用、系统改造和持续运营投入有限,成本压力暂时不大。

但在复杂任务场景中,Agent则需要反复调用模型和工具,执行链路更长,多Agent模式下还会增加模型调用和系统交互频次,运行成本可能迅速上升。尤其是当前基于Harness架构、具备自主规划循环能力的Agent,在部分场景中的运行成本甚至可能超出企业可以承受的范围。

在涉及到业务和生产流程的高价值场景中,企业往往还需要数据治理、系统连接、权限与审计设计、业务规则整理和流程重构等基础能力建设。这些工作往往需要业务专家、IT团队和FDE长期参与,人力投入通常较高。

而在Agent带来的收益方面,往往又是分散在多个部门。企业如果缺少持续的业务数据监控机制,还需要跨部门统一指标口径、价值归属和成本分摊方式,收益核算会变得十分复杂,不亚于一次组织重构。以客服Agent为例,它可能减少坐席工时、提高一次解决率、缩短投诉周期、改善客户满意度,同时能够将新的问题和解决方法沉淀到企业知识库。经营分析Agent则可能缩短取数时间、统一指标口径、减少分析遗漏,并帮助业务人员更早发现库存、回款或客户流失风险。这些收益由客服、业务、数据、财务和风险管理等不同部门获得,价值兑现时间和衡量标准也有较大差异,难以核算清楚。

但即便当下Agent建设的ROI难以算清,企业也很难绕开这一关键指标。企业最终是要对利润和经营结果负责,Agent作为企业投入的项目同样需要说明这些成本投入能够为企业带来什

二、企业如何判断Agent项目是否值得持续投入

IDC在智能体的企业价值研究中也专门提到了要从战略匹配、用例优先级、价值映射、扩展成本、风险校正和持续优化等方面讨论Agent价值管理(《Agentic AI Business Value Maximization Framework: A Practical Guide for IT Leaders to Unlock Business Value from Agentic AI》)。

结合企业实践,可以用一条公式、两本账和三层观察来理解和应用这套方法,能够兼顾财务核算的严谨性和长期能力建设的观察需求。

  • 一条公式:把投入与回报算清楚

场景ROI=(年度可量化收益-年度TCO)÷年度TCO×100%

(注:公式中的年度TCO除了软件和模型费用,也应包含业务数据和知识的建设、相关系统的改造,业务、IT和实施团队长期参与迭代的投入。)

其中,年度可量化收益通常来自三类,第一类是降本,包括节省工时对应的综合人力成本、减少的外包支出和运营费用;第二类是增收,可以根据转化率增量、客单价、有效触达量或新增产能估算;第三类是风险规避,可以根据风险敞口、原始发生概率和Agent介入后风险发生概率的下降幅度,估算预期损失的减少额。这些收益都需要通过上线前后的业务基线计算增量,企业需要提前记录业务量、处理时间和人力投入,才能在智能体应用上线后形成可比较的数据。

  • 两本账:同时记录当期业务收益和长期能力资产

第一本是业务账,回答项目在当前周期产生了什么结果。处理时间缩短了多少,人工投入下降了多少,准确率、自动化率、客户转化率、风险发现率和业务采纳率发生了什么变化,这些指标关系到项目是否继续运行、相关Agent是否向更多部门推广,以及下一轮的投入预算。

第二本是能力账,观察企业的数据、知识、系统、人员和治理方式能否支撑Agent稳定参与实际业务,以及AI Ready与Agent Ready能力是否得到提升。这些变化会影响后续Agent建设的速度、应用范围和运行质量,也会改变企业未来的组织运行方式。

  • 三层观察:不同的层级需要关注不同的价值结果

企业不同层级关注的Agent价值结果有所不同,主要分为三层:

  • 场景层关注单项任务是否值得继续运行,比较投入与处理效率、质量、增长或风险控制结果。
  • 部门层关注Agent是否改善团队整体产能与业务表现,以及收益能否覆盖部门承担的持续成本。
  • 组织层关注跨部门复用、整体能效、治理体系和人员能力,评估Agent对企业运行方式产生的长期影响。

三、哪些Agent场景已经取得可验证的业务成效

本次案例研究覆盖的相关案例主要从两个维度展开研究:一是Agent在企业中落地了哪些业务场景,建设的方案和依赖的基础条件;二是项目运行后取得了哪些效果,以及企业是如何计算ROI的。(注:不同项目的场景和环境并不相同,相关统计数据不适用于跨案例对比。)

  1. 规则明确的重复流程最容易形成可量化结果

在案例研究中我们发现,很多业务工作流中传统需要大量人工处理重复操作的场景是最容易体现项目效果的。

例如在腾讯云与找钢网的案例中,其将Agent用于询价、报价和采购比价,原来需要近一小时完成的比价工作缩短到几分钟,报价效率也提升了10-20倍。来也科技帮助某电子元器件分销商处理订单,订单处理团队从约20人减少到1人,只需要负责监管和异常复核工作就能够完成大量的订单处理工作。在金智维与国盛证券的案例中,他们将证券运维中的CMDB查询接入工单和自动处置流程,把查询时间从数天或缩短到秒级。得帆与中国弹簧把计划物流、采购、排产和质量整改等业务流程整理为Skills,并连接企业业务系统帮助员工处理业务任务,实现整体效率70%—80%的提升。

  1. 数据检索和分析类场景任务能够显著提效

在数据分析方面智能体也在多家企业中展现出了业务价值,例如某全球医药企业原本需要排期2至5天完成报表查询和分析工作,采用神州数码的方案后缩短到分钟级。汉得帮助中亿丰建设了知识问答、经营分析和客商风险预警等问答和数据分析的能力,智能问数从小时级响应缩短至分钟级。迈富时为某全球美妆集团建设数据分析Agent,将经营决策周期从5天缩短到1天之内,支撑集团实现了更敏捷的经营管理能力。

  1. 营销和客服场景Agent已经带来了显著的业务回报

在销售和客户经营场景中,蓝凌与加福加德通过Agent将行业情报、客户资料、话术和配方知识实时提供给销售人员,可以在客户现场实时完成响应,并将日均有效触客量提升30%以上。蚂蚁数科与杭州银行案例中基于多个Agent处理客户洞察、产品分析和营销策略,项目测算显示,策略生成时间从天级缩短到分钟级。火山引擎与来伊份上线了预测补货、智能导购和AI客服等能力,其AI购物助手的下单转化率能够提升190%,AI客服已经可以独立回答约70%的咨询。

  1. 基于专业模型和算法的Agent在专业场景也有显著效果

百度伐谋使用Agent持续优化青岛港的配载算法,项目统计显示,算法迭代周期缩短50%以上,从数周缩短到小时级。商汤大装置的方案支持上海市规划和自然资源局通过自然语言调用地图和空间数据,处理城市治理任务,已经覆盖50多个核心场景,业务处理时长缩短60%,人均产出效率提升70%。

  1. 在组织运营场景Agent也能带来直接的产出提升

昆仑数智数字化咨询中心用Agent帮助完成AI组织变革,先以标准工单记录任务、责任与交付,再用任务督办、方案共创、消息监控、会议纪要和知识检索Agent智能化自动化的协助处理日常工作。部门平均任务响应时间从24小时缩短到4小时;人员规模缩减的同时,营业收入增长30%。

四、案例企业中Agent落地的最佳实践

综合案例研究,企业Agent的落地过程可以概括为一个业务价值闭环。Agent位于企业现有业务系统之上,负责协调判断与执行:先读取业务状态和任务输入,结合企业数据、知识与规则形成判断,再调用工具和系统完成业务动作,而执行结果、异常情况和人工反馈会被记录下来,继续用于更新知识、规则和评测依据,形成“感知—分析—执行—沉淀”的持续循环。

Source:中国企业级Agent最佳实践与案例精选(ROI视角)

  1. 优先选择结果可以验证的业务问题

期望短期把业务账算明白的企业,可以优先从业务量稳定、结果可以验证、责任人明确的业务场景开始,而能力账的建设投入则应该拉长ROI的观察周期,例如来伊份在企业实践中就分别为经营项目和战略项目设置了不同观察周期。

  1. 持续完善数据、知识和业务规则

专业Agent依赖企业对业务数据和知识的长期治理,智能体依赖的数据、知识和业务规则需要在实际使用中不断校正,才能确保其在业务场景中能够持续稳定运行。

  1. 业务人员需参与任务定义和结果验证

业务人员最清楚任务是否合理、结果能否使用,也最早发现Agent在真实工作中的偏差。例如得帆和中国弹簧的案例中,就由中国弹簧的业务人员参与提供了具体的Agent业务定义和测试样例,并完整参与了结果验证,这类做法能够确保Agent能够更符合业务需求。

  1. 把评估、治理和改进纳入日常运营

Agent上线后的评估和治理也是构成业务价值闭环的关键环节,企业需要根据真实运行数据发现偏差和风险,找出需要调整的环节,并持续更新迭代智能体以满足实际的业务需求。

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Zhenya Sun

Zhenya Sun - Research Manager

Zhenya Sun is a research manager for the IDC team focused on exploring the application of technology and industrial development of AI and AI agents. He is also responsible for providing clients with consulting services on technologies, products, and markets…